ISC Class 12 Political Science Important Topics 2027
Last updated:
Every topic ranked by how often and how recently it was asked in 4 board + 4 official sample papers (2023–2027). Teal tags = board papers, orange tags = official sample papers.
Top 10 most important topics
| # | Topic | Chapter | Asked in | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Preamble: key words and ideals | Indian Constitution: Preamble and Salient Features | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★★★ |
| 2 | Rigid and Flexible Constitutions: merits and demerits | Constitution | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★★ |
| 3 | 73rd Amendment: key features | Local Self-Government | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★☆ |
| 4 | Meaning and independence of the judiciary | The Judiciary | Board 2024Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★☆ |
| 5 | Judicial review: meaning and principles | The Judiciary | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★★☆ |
| 6 | US Senate: powers and position as most powerful second chamber | The Legislature | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★☆ |
| 7 | US President: legislative powers and veto | The Executive | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 8 | President of India: emergency and discretionary powers | The Executive | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 9 | Universal Adult Franchise: meaning and reasons for acceptance | Franchise and Representation | Board 2024Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 10 | Kinds of regional aspirations (language, sons-of-the-soil, river water, new states, secession) | Democracy in India: Challenges | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
Chapter-wise important topics
Forms of Government · Constitution and Government
| Comparison of Parliamentary and Presidential government asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Federal State (USA): meaning and features asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Parliamentary form of government (India): features asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Totalitarian State: meaning and features asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Presidential form of government (USA): features asked 3× | Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Liberal Democratic State: meaning and features asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Authoritarian State: meaning and features asked 2× | Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Unitary State (Britain): meaning and features asked 2× | Sample 2023Sample 2027 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Comparison of unitary Britain and federal USA asked 1× | Sample 2027 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Comparison of Totalitarian and Authoritarian States asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Constitution · Constitution and Government
| Rigid and Flexible Constitutions: merits and demerits asked 8× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★★ |
| Amendment procedure of the Indian Constitution (Article 368) asked 5× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Amendment procedures of the UK and US Constitutions asked 3× | Board 2024Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Written and Unwritten Constitutions: merits and demerits asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Franchise and Representation · Constitution and Government
| Universal Adult Franchise: meaning and reasons for acceptance asked 6× | Board 2024Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| First Past the Post system asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Multi-party system: meaning and merits asked 3× | Board 2026Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Bi-party system: meaning and merits asked 3× | Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Proportional Representation asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
The Legislature · Constitution and Government
| US Senate: powers and position as most powerful second chamber asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★☆ |
| Lok Sabha: powers and superior position over Rajya Sabha asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Legislative control over the executive (parliamentary devices) asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha: composition, election and tenure asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2024Sample 2023Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Money bills and financial powers asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| US Congress: composition, election and tenure asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Rajya Sabha: special powers asked 3× | Board 2024Sample 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Comparison of Indian Parliament and US Congress asked 2× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Meaning and functions of the Legislature asked 2× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
The Executive · Constitution and Government
| US President: legislative powers and veto asked 8× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023 | ★★★☆☆ |
| President of India: emergency and discretionary powers asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| President of India: position, legislative and executive powers asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2025Sample 2023Sample 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Political Executive and Permanent Executive asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Comparison of the executive in India and USA asked 3× | Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Prime Minister of India: powers and position asked 3× | Board 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| US President: executive powers asked 3× | Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
The Judiciary · Constitution and Government
| Meaning and independence of the judiciary asked 7× | Board 2024Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★☆ |
| Judicial review: meaning and principles asked 9× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★★☆ |
| Indian Supreme Court: original, appellate and advisory jurisdiction asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2025Sample 2023Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Comparison of Indian and US Supreme Courts asked 3× | Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Composition of Indian and US Supreme Courts (strength and tenure) asked 2× | Board 2025Sample 2027 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| US Supreme Court: original and appellate jurisdiction asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Indian Constitution: Preamble and Salient Features · Indian Democracy
| Preamble: key words and ideals asked 11× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★★★ |
| Federal structure with unitary spirit asked 5× | Board 2023Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Preamble: importance asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Salient features of the Indian Constitution asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Partly rigid and partly flexible asked 2× | Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Written, comprehensive and drawn from many sources asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles · Indian Democracy
| Directive Principles: classification and significance asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Case study: violation and enforcement of Fundamental Rights asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2024Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Difference between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Right to Equality (Articles 14-18) asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2025Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32) and writs asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Right to Freedom (Articles 19-22) asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Right to Freedom of Religion (Articles 25-28) asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Local Self-Government · Indian Democracy
| 73rd Amendment: key features asked 8× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★★☆ |
| 74th Amendment: key features asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2023Sample 2027 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Zila Parishad: composition and functions asked 3× | Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Eleventh and Twelfth Schedules asked 2× | Board 2025Sample 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Municipal Corporation: composition and functions asked 1× | Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Democracy in India: Challenges · Indian Democracy
| Kinds of regional aspirations (language, sons-of-the-soil, river water, new states, secession) asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Caste: role in Indian politics asked 4× | Board 2024Sample 2025Sample 2027 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Political violence: meaning and forms asked 3× | Board 2025Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Regionalism: meaning asked 2× | Sample 2023Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Importance = how often a topic was asked × how recent, with extra weight for the latest official sample paper.