ISC Class 12 Accounts Important Topics 2027
Last updated:
Every topic ranked by how often and how recently it was asked in 4 board + 4 official sample papers (2023–2026). Teal tags = board papers, orange tags = official sample papers.
Top 10 most important topics
| # | Topic | Chapter | Asked in | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | DBMS concepts, uses and advantages | Database Management System | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★★★ |
| 2 | Formulas and functions | Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| 3 | Forfeiture and reissue of shares | Issue of Shares | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| 4 | Realisation Account | Dissolution of a Partnership Firm | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| 5 | Effect of transactions on ratios | Ratio Analysis | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 6 | Spreadsheet basics (workbook, worksheet, cell, range) | Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 7 | Profitability ratios | Ratio Analysis | Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 8 | Activity ratios | Ratio Analysis | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 9 | Spreadsheet accounting applications | Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 10 | Cash Flow Statement (complete) | Cash Flow Statement | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
Chapter-wise important topics
Fundamentals of Partnership · Fundamentals of Partnership
| Profit and Loss Appropriation Account asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Partners' capital and current accounts (fixed and fluctuating) asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Guarantee of profits asked 3× | Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Past adjustments asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on capital and interest on drawings asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Rules applicable in the absence of partnership deed asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Goodwill · Goodwill and Reconstitution (Admission, Retirement and Death)
| Average profit method asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Super profit method asked 4× | Board 2023Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Capitalisation of super profit method asked 2× | Board 2026Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Meaning, nature and factors affecting goodwill asked 2× | Sample 2023Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Normal rate of return and capital employed asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Capitalisation of average profit method asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Admission of a Partner · Goodwill and Reconstitution (Admission, Retirement and Death)
| Premium for goodwill on admission asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Adjustment of capitals on admission asked 6× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account on admission asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Hidden goodwill asked 3× | Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Accumulated profits and reserves on admission asked 3× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Capital accounts and Balance Sheet after admission asked 2× | Board 2023Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Retirement and Death of a Partner · Goodwill and Reconstitution (Admission, Retirement and Death)
| Amount due to retiring or deceased partner asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account on retirement or death asked 3× | Board 2023Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Adjustment of capitals on retirement asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2025Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Accumulated profits and reserves on retirement or death asked 2× | Board 2026Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's share of profit till date of death asked 2× | Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio and gaining ratio asked 2× | Board 2026Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Retiring partner's loan and executor's loan account asked 2× | Board 2024Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Dissolution of a Partnership Firm · Dissolution of a Partnership Firm
| Realisation Account asked 12× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| Journal entries on dissolution asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Settlement of accounts under Section 48 asked 3× | Board 2024Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Partners' capital and bank accounts on dissolution asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Realisation expenses asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Issue of Shares · Issue of Shares
| Forfeiture and reissue of shares asked 12× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| Pro-rata allotment on oversubscription asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2025Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Calls in arrears and calls in advance asked 3× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares for consideration other than cash asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Share capital terms and minimum subscription asked 1× | Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Disclosure of share capital in Balance Sheet asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Issue of Debentures · Issue and Redemption of Debentures
| Issue of debentures and terms of redemption asked 7× | Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Writing off loss on issue of debentures asked 6× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Debentures issued for consideration other than cash asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Interest on debentures asked 4× | Board 2023Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Debentures issued as collateral security asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Redemption of Debentures · Issue and Redemption of Debentures
| Debenture Redemption Investment asked 8× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Debenture Redemption Reserve asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Redemption of debentures in lump sum asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Methods of redemption of debentures asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Final Accounts of Companies · Final Accounts of Companies
| Balance Sheet as per Schedule III asked 7× | Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Heads and sub-heads of Balance Sheet items asked 5× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Current and non-current classification asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Notes to accounts: share capital asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Contingent liabilities and proposed dividend asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Financial Statement Analysis · Financial Statement Analysis
| Common size Balance Sheet asked 4× | Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Percentage change asked 4× | Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Comparative statements asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Common size Statement of Profit and Loss asked 1× | Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Meaning, significance and limitations of financial statement analysis asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Cash Flow Statement · Cash Flow Statement
| Cash Flow Statement (complete) asked 9× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Cash flow from operating activities asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Classification of activities asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Cash flow from investing activities asked 3× | Board 2024Sample 2023Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash flow from financing activities asked 3× | Board 2024Sample 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash and cash equivalents asked 2× | Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Ratio Analysis · Ratio Analysis
| Effect of transactions on ratios asked 11× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Profitability ratios asked 9× | Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Activity ratios asked 10× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Solvency ratios asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Liquidity ratios asked 6× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Return on investment, EPS and P/E ratio asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification and usefulness of ratios asked 2× | Board 2026Sample 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet · Accounting Application of Electronic Spreadsheet
| Formulas and functions asked 13× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| Spreadsheet basics (workbook, worksheet, cell, range) asked 12× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Spreadsheet accounting applications asked 9× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Keyboard shortcuts asked 5× | Board 2024Board 2026Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cell references asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2026Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Charts, sorting and filtering asked 3× | Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Formatting and printing worksheets asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Database Management System · Database Management System (DBMS)
| DBMS concepts, uses and advantages asked 14× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★★★ |
| Database objects (tables, forms, reports, indexes) asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Entity, attribute and data types asked 6× | Board 2025Sample 2023Sample 2024Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| SQL commands asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Keys (primary, foreign, composite) asked 4× | Board 2023Sample 2023Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Types of databases asked 2× | Board 2024Sample 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| SQL aggregate functions asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Importance = how often a topic was asked × how recent, with extra weight for the latest official sample paper.