ISC Class 12 Business Studies Important Questions 2027 (Repeated in Board Exams)

Which characteristic of Human Resource Management deals with providing competent employees to an organisation, both now and in the future?

The ___________ significance of Human Resource Management implies maximum utilisation of human resources by ensuring their physical and mental well-being.

Observe the relation between the first two phrases / terms and complete the analogy. Systematic study of a job : Job Analysis :: Explanation of the scope of a job : ____________

Differentiate between Job Enlargement and Job Enrichment on the following bases: (a) Nature (b) Content (c) Purpose (d) Skills required

With reference to e-recruitment, briefly explain: Internet

ABC Ltd., a well-known IT firm has opened a new branch in Ahmednagar. In order to maintain their standards, the Company is committed to hiring the best brains in the field. As the HR Manager of ABC Ltd., suggest any two strategies that the firm can use to attract suitable candidates. Justify your suggestion.

Briefly explain any two limitations of e-Recruitment as a source of Staff Recruitment.

Assertion: The process of recruitment concludes with the correct placement of applicants. Reason: Recruitment is concerned only with shortlisting candidates from a pool of candidates. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. (c) Assertion is true and Reason is false. (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

Briefly explain the significance of the following step in the employee selection process: Placement

Briefly explain the significance of the following step in the employee selection process: Reference check

With reference to staff selection, explain the significance of Application Blank.

Distinguish between Recruitment and Selection on the following bases: (a) Nature (b) Aim (c) Process (d) Number

Briefly discuss the following step in the Selection Procedure: Preliminary Screening

Briefly discuss the following step in the Selection Procedure: Final Interview

[context: image of a trainer presenting an 'EMPLOYEE HANDBOOK' slide to a group of employees seated around a table.] Identify the type of training indicated in the image shown above.

[context: image of a trainer presenting an 'EMPLOYEE HANDBOOK' slide to a group of employees seated around a table.] State any two reasons for conducting this type of training.

As per the Morale Productivity Matrix, discuss the relationship between morale and productivity when morale is high.

[context: At Pratiksha Ltd., VP (Marketing) Mr. Mehta gives his team complete autonomy and intervenes only when asked; VP (Production) Mrs. Kapoor regularly interacts with her team and makes decisions collaboratively.] Suggest a situation in which a centralised leadership style in an organisation could act as a morale depressant.

[context: pyramid of Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs with levels (top to bottom) Self Actualisation, Esteem, Social, Safety and a missing base level marked '?'.] Name the missing need that appears at the base of Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs.

[context: picture of colleagues congratulating Ms. Roy ('Well done Ms. Roy! Keep it up!', 'Superb! I'm really happy for you.') as she says 'Finally! I have achieved it.'] Briefly explain the need of Ms. Roy that is being satisfied.

XYZ Ltd. follows a compensation policy that focuses solely on financial incentives as it believes that money is a great motivator. Despite receiving handsome salaries, several managers have recently resigned from the company. Which one of the following is MOST likely the reason for their resignation? (a) The managers are satisfied with only financial rewards. (b) The managers are satisfied with non-monetary benefits. (c) The managers feel that the monetary incentives are too high. (d) The managers want both monetary as well as non-monetary incentives.

[context: picture of colleagues congratulating Ms. Roy ('Well done Ms. Roy! Keep it up!', 'Superb! I'm really happy for you.') as she says 'Finally! I have achieved it.'] Identify the factor indicated in the above image as per the Two-factor theory of Herzberg.

With reference to Herzberg's Two-factor Theory, explain the motivational and hygiene factors.

Which of the following items are commonly included as components of an employee's pay slip? (P) Provident Fund (Q) Gratuity (R) House Rent Allowance (S) Employee Stock Option (a) Only (P) and (Q) (b) Only (P) and (R) (c) Only (Q) and (R) (d) Only (R) and (S)

[context: Speed Ltd. paid daily wage workers ₹100 per hour (Ravi got ₹800 a day); to increase productivity it switched to paying per unit produced, so fast worker Ravi now earns ₹1000 a day, but the trade union is dissatisfied.] Which system of wage payment was initially followed by Speed Ltd.?

Distinguish between Piece rate system and Time rate system of remuneration on the following basis: (a) Quality of work (b) Wastage of resources (c) Attitude of Trade Unions (d) Weightage to efficiency

Varsha wants to attend the naming ceremony of her friend's baby which requires only a day's leave. Since her friend has been unwell and requires support, Varsha decides to apply for an additional day's leave. Considering the purpose and duration of leave, select the type of leave Varsha should apply for. (a) Earned leave (b) Medical leave (c) Casual leave (d) Maternity leave

Briefly discuss: Group Life Insurance

[context: bar graph 'Staff Separation' at Infotide Ltd. showing number of employees under Service completion, Temporary workforce downsizing, Permanent cost cutting separation, Resignation and Involuntary termination.] State any one monetary benefit available to the employees at the time of 'service completion'.

With reference to staff benefits, explain NPS.

With reference to staff benefits, explain Gratuity.

With reference to Time Rate System of Wage Payment, briefly explain the Time Rate System of Wage Payment.

With reference to staff benefits, briefly explain: Encashment of Leave

[context: At Pratiksha Ltd., VP (Marketing) Mr. Mehta gives his team complete autonomy and intervenes only when asked; VP (Production) Mrs. Kapoor regularly interacts with her team and makes decisions collaboratively.] Name the leadership style where the manager solely takes decisions and announces them.

[context: two images A and B depict two different styles of leadership.] State any one feature of each of the above styles of leadership.

Distinguish between Authoritative and Democratic styles of Leadership on the following basis: (a) Effect on motivation and morale (b) Development of subordinates (c) Speed of work (d) Resistance to change

The Human Resource Department at Harry & Sons wants to reduce subjective bias while evaluating the performance of each worker and comparing the results. Which one of the following would be MOST suitable to appraise the workers at Harry & Sons? (a) Appraisal of performance based on achievement of targets. (b) Workers' performance evaluated by their immediate supervisors. (c) Feedback on performance collected from self, superiors, subordinates and peers. (d) Workers rated in fixed performance categories such as excellent, good, satisfactory and poor.

Mahima has joined XYZ Ltd. as a Sales Executive. She is a bright employee with good interpersonal skills. At a review meeting, the management feels that Mahima is promising and can be considered for a future leadership role in the company. Identify the method of appraisal that has led the management to this conclusion about Mahima.

Vasu, a Sales Executive at Sunshine Ltd., has been working with the organisation for fifteen years. He has a good track record. In recognition of his capabilities and long years of service in the organisation, the management promotes him to the post of Sales Manager. Identify the basis on which Vasu has been promoted. Enumerate any three advantages of this type of promotion.

[context: IBM's CEO Arvind Krishna says employees who work from home may be equally productive in the short term but their careers suffer — moving to another role is less likely because nobody observes them in another context, and remote workers do not acquire skills such as dealing with difficult clients.] Explain the two ways by which an employee can be moved from one position / department to another in an organisation.

______________ transfer refers to the practice of shifting employees across different roles, functions or departments in an organisation to widen their skills.

[context: bar graph 'Staff Separation' at Infotide Ltd. showing number of employees under Service completion, Temporary workforce downsizing, Permanent cost cutting separation, Resignation and Involuntary termination.] Infotide Ltd. has temporarily reduced its workforce. Identify this form of staff separation.

Select the preliminary step in the procedure of Staff Dismissal. (a) Holding of an enquiry (b) Issuing of a written charge sheet (c) Issuing of a notice of enquiry (d) Receipt of an explanation

Explain two types of Retirement.

[context: pie chart of the workforce at Infogram Ltd. by emerging HR trends — Core Working Period 45%, Permanent Part-time 30%, Work from Home 20%, Retainership 5%.] Mention any one advantage to Infogram Ltd. of allocating core working period to 45% of its workforce.

[context: pie chart of the workforce at Infogram Ltd. by emerging HR trends — Core Working Period 45%, Permanent Part-time 30%, Work from Home 20%, Retainership 5%.] Infogram Ltd. outsources the review of its Human Resources policy to a law firm. Name the trend used by the company.

Briefly explain: Retainership

Some employees at Dawn Ltd. overheard their managers discussing an upcoming Artificial Intelligence enabled project. The news spread quickly, leading to speculations about possible layoffs. What type of communication is indicated in the above case?

Observe the relation between the first two words and complete the analogy. Long chain of command : Organisational Barrier :: Unclarified assumptions : ____________

State any four advantages of Oral Communication.

Welcoming a new employee in an organisation with a firm handshake / 'namaste' is an example of _____________ communication.

[context: Annie and Naveen are fresh engineering graduates at Scottish Automobile Ltd. Annie wants to introduce changes in production but is hesitant to discuss her ideas with her superior Mr. Shah, so she discusses them with Naveen; Naveen presents a PowerPoint on Annie's ideas to Mr. Shah in the monthly review meeting.] Name and explain the type of communication between Annie and Naveen.

Differentiate between Horizontal and Vertical Communication on the following bases: (i) Purpose (ii) Direction (iii) Relationship (iv) Speed

Briefly explain any two barriers to Communication.

In Business Communication, the use of ___________ assists superiors and Team Leaders situated in diverse locations to have a 'real-time' conversation and take work-related decisions.

State whether the following statement is True or False: A quotation letter seeks information about the availability of products with the seller.

Madhuban Verma applied for the post of a Choreographer at Twist & Turn Dance Academy. At the end of the selection procedure, the panel found him suitable for the position. Draft an email from Twist & Turn Dance Academy to Madhuban Verma informing him about the final approval of the management.

Advertisement (published in a weekly newspaper): "We are looking for experienced Sales Executives for sale of machinery. Good communication skills and proven sales track record are essential. Please send your resume to jobs@email.com" Draft a letter in response to the above job advertisement published in a weekly newspaper.

Neeta Kumar, an entrepreneur, wants a modern look for her new office. She comes across a newspaper advertisement from Majestic Furniture that gives an overview of the furniture available with them. Based on the above information, draft a letter from Neeta Kumar to Majestic Furniture seeking more information about the furniture.

A ___________ report is intended for the use of a few authorised individuals only.

The Partnership Act limits the maximum number of partners in a non-banking partnership firm to _________________.

[context: Anandita (invested ₹20,00,000) and Rukhsana (invested ₹30,00,000) started a business on a verbal understanding and agreed to share the financial outcomes equally despite unequal capital.] Anandita and Rukhsana agreed to share the financial outcomes of the business equally. Which feature of this form of business is highlighted here?

[context: Anandita (invested ₹20,00,000) and Rukhsana (invested ₹30,00,000) started a business on a verbal understanding and agreed to share the financial outcomes equally despite unequal capital.] Identify the form of business set up by Anandita and Rukhsana.

[context: Anandita (invested ₹20,00,000) and Rukhsana (invested ₹30,00,000) started a business on a verbal understanding and agreed to share the financial outcomes equally despite unequal capital.] If Anandita decides to leave the business in future, can Rukhsana continue business in the same form? Justify your answer by giving a reason.

Briefly explain: Private Limited Company

Briefly discuss any two features of the following source of finance available to an organisation in India: Factoring

Briefly discuss any two features of the following source of finance available to an organisation in India: Venture Capitalists

State whether the following statement is True or False: A dividend policy of the company determines the extent to which profits can be retained in the business.

Briefly describe the following source of business finance: Equity Shares

Briefly discuss any two features of the following source of finance available to an organisation in India: Discounting of Bills of Exchange

What is meant by the following term with reference to the sources of finance? Peer to peer Funding

Briefly discuss any two features of the following source of finance available to an organisation in India: Debentures

Briefly explain: Loans

State any four effects of Globalisation on business around the world.

Assertion: Globalisation implies treating the entire world as one market. Reason: Globalisation involves cross-border movement of goods, services, capital, technology, information and people. (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true, and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion. (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but Reason is not the correct explanation for Assertion. (c) Assertion is true and Reason is false. (d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

State whether the following statement is True or False: Trade blocks such as increase in tariffs restrict globalisation of industries.

Briefly discuss: G2B

A manufacturing company files its GST returns and pays taxes through the official public portal of the income tax department. Which type of online transaction does this represent?

___________ refers to commercial transactions done via internet wherein goods or services are delivered in an electronic or a tangible form.

Name the outsourcing process in which an organisation assigns its non-core processes to an external agency.

Briefly discuss: Outsourcing

State whether the following statement is True or False: Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) collects and collates data on contamination of water.

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