CBSE Class 12 Accountancy Important Topics 2027
Last updated:
Every topic ranked by how often and how recently it was asked in 5 board + 2 official sample papers (2022–2026). Teal tags = board papers, orange tags = official sample papers.
Top 10 most important topics
| # | Topic | Chapter | Asked in | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Classification of items under heads/sub-heads in the company Balance Sheet | Financial Statements of a Company | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025 | ★★★★★ |
| 2 | Issue of shares at premium with over-subscription, pro-rata, forfeiture and reissue | Accounting for Share Capital | Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 3 | Common Size Statement of Profit and Loss | Analysis of Financial Statements - Tools | Board 2022Board 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 4 | Guarantee of profit with firm incurring a loss | Accounting for Partnership: Basic Concepts | Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 5 | Preparation of Realisation Account on dissolution | Dissolution of Partnership Firm | Board 2023Board 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 6 | Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash at a discount | Accounting for Debentures | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 7 | Capital Reserve on reissue of forfeited shares | Accounting for Share Capital | Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 8 | Issue of debentures at discount redeemable at premium and writing off loss on issue | Accounting for Debentures | Board 2026Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 9 | Cash flow from operating activities (indirect method) | Cash Flow Statement | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 10 | Effect of transactions on Quick Ratio | Accounting Ratios | Board 2024Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
Chapter-wise important topics
Accounting for Partnership: Basic Concepts · Accounting for Partnership Firms
| Guarantee of profit with firm incurring a loss asked 2× | Sample 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Interest on capital when profit is insufficient asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Past adjustment of excess interest on capital asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Nature of partnership - mutual agency asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Items credited to a partner's capital account asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Fluctuating capital account can show a debit balance asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Interest on drawings for part of the year asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Past adjustment of omitted appropriations with guarantee asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Fixed versus fluctuating capital accounts and current accounts asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Past adjustment of omitted interest on capital asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Items affecting fixed capital account balance asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Profit and Loss Appropriation Account with capital and current accounts asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Nature of partnership - partnership agreement asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on partner's loan charged to Profit and Loss Account asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Calculation of opening capital from closing capital asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on drawings withdrawn at end of each month for part of the year asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Guarantee of minimum profit to a partner - Profit and Loss Appropriation Account asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Partner's commission as an appropriation of profit asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on capital with withdrawal of capital during the year asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on drawings withdrawn at the beginning of alternate months asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Fixed capital method - recording of drawings asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Guarantee of profit to a partner - journal entries asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Guarantee of profit to a partner - deficiency borne by others asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Share of profit when profit fully absorbed by interest on capital asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Past adjustment of omitted interest on capital and drawings asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on drawings (equal amounts withdrawn at beginning of each month) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Average period for interest on drawings (equal amounts at end of each quarter) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on partner's loan in absence of partnership deed (6% p.a.) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Guarantee of profit to a partner - deficiency asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Distribution of profit after adjusting guarantee to a partner asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Journal entry for charging interest on drawings asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Interest on capital with mid-year change in capital asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm - Admission of a Partner · Accounting for Partnership Firms
| Proportionate capital brought in by incoming partner asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - distribution of accumulated loss asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation effect of investments and Investment Fluctuation Reserve on admission asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Goodwill by capitalisation of super profits with profit adjustment asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Proportionate capital and adjusted capitals on admission asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Hidden goodwill share of incoming partner asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revalued amount of an overvalued asset on reconstitution asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of Workmen Compensation Reserve and claim on change in PSR asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| New ratio, sacrificing ratio and goodwill treatment on admission asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - goodwill treatment with existing goodwill asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of Investment Fluctuation Reserve on change in PSR asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account and capital accounts on admission with capital adjustment asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of bad debts against existing provision on admission asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation gain and revalued asset value on admission asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Normal rate of return from capitalisation of average profits method asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - adjustment of accumulated profits/losses asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Capital brought in by incoming partner as a fraction of combined capital asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio from sacrifices made by old partners asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Goodwill valuation by super profit method and incoming partner's share asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Normal rate of return from normal profit and capital employed asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - distribution of general reserve asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - revaluation of an undervalued asset asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio when incoming partner acquires share equally asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Valuation of goodwill by capitalisation of super profits and super profit method asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Journal entries on admission with goodwill, revaluation, reserve and proportionate capital asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - adjustment entry for goodwill asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hidden goodwill on admission from capital brought in asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - sacrificing/gaining share asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation of an overvalued asset on admission asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Retrospective change in profit-sharing ratio - single adjustment entry asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Valuation of goodwill by super profit method with partners' salary asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account and partners' capital accounts on admission asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio when incoming partner acquires share entirely from one partner asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio when share acquired from specified partners asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Distribution of goodwill premium brought by new partner asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio - adjustment entry for undistributed reserve asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Valuation of goodwill by super profit method with profit adjustment asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation and capital accounts on admission with capital adjustment to base asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Nature and meaning of goodwill asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio on admission (share acquired from specified partners) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Change in profit-sharing ratio among existing partners - goodwill and reserve treatment asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Valuation of goodwill by super profit method asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account and partners' capital accounts on admission with proportionate capital asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Reconstitution of a Partnership Firm - Retirement/Death of a Partner · Accounting for Partnership Firms
| Gaining ratio of continuing partners on retirement asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio on death with share taken in parts asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio on retirement with gift of share asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Retiring partner's loan account with instalments and interest asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account and capital accounts on retirement asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Interest on deceased partner's executor's loan asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Option under Section 37 for deceased partner's executor asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of Investment Fluctuation Reserve on retirement asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's executor's account with instalments and interest asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation Account and capital accounts on retirement with capital adjustment asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio on death when share taken equally asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hidden goodwill on retirement from settlement amount asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's goodwill and share of profit with journal entries asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Partners' capital accounts and retiring partner's loan account with instalments asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Ratio in which continuing partners acquire a deceased partner's share asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio when retiring partner's share acquired in given ratio asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio when retiring partner surrenders share in given proportions asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Adjustment of continuing partners' capitals in new ratio on retirement asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's share of profit on the basis of sales and journal entry asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's capital account with interest, goodwill and profit share asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Journal entries on retirement with goodwill, revaluation and settlement asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio when retiring partner's share taken in given ratio asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Gaining ratio and treatment of goodwill on retirement asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's capital account with goodwill, reserve, interest and profit share asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation and capital accounts on retirement asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of accumulated loss (debit balance of P&L) on retirement asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Retiring partner's share of goodwill (difference between amount paid and capital balance) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's share of profit via Profit and Loss Suspense Account asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| New profit-sharing ratio on retirement (share taken equally) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Adjustment of capital accounts of continuing partners in new ratio after retirement asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's capital account / executor's account with goodwill and share of profit asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Journal entries on retirement with goodwill, revaluation, reserves and unrecorded items asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of goodwill on retirement through gaining ratio asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Deceased partner's share of profit based on average profit and journal entry asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Revaluation of assets/liabilities and capital accounts on retirement with goodwill and reserves asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Dissolution of Partnership Firm · Accounting for Partnership Firms
| Preparation of Realisation Account on dissolution asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2024Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Partner's remuneration and realisation expenses paid by another partner asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Realisation gain or loss on dissolution asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Order of payment of liabilities under Section 48 on dissolution asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Partner taking over an asset in settlement of her loan on dissolution asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of Workmen Compensation Reserve and claim on dissolution asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Creditor taking over an asset below net value on dissolution asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Partner's remuneration for dissolution work and journal entry asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Treatment of recovery of a previously written off debt on dissolution asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Realisation Account and partners' capital accounts on dissolution asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Realisation of debtors on dissolution asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Journal entries on dissolution including unrecorded assets and settlement with creditors asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Settlement with creditors who take over an asset on dissolution asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Items transferred to Realisation Account asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Circumstances of compulsory dissolution of a firm asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Realisation Account journal entries including unrecorded assets and settlement with creditors asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Accounting for Share Capital · Accounting for Companies
| Issue of shares at premium with over-subscription, pro-rata, forfeiture and reissue asked 3× | Board 2024Board 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Capital Reserve on reissue of forfeited shares asked 2× | Sample 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Issued capital disclosure asked 2× | Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Calls in advance - accounting treatment asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Capital Reserve on reissue of forfeited shares issued at premium asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Balance in Share Forfeiture Account after reissue asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Purchase consideration settled by cheque and issue of shares at premium asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Presentation of Share Capital in Balance Sheet with Notes after forfeiture and reissue asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares for cash and for consideration other than cash with ledger accounts asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares at premium with over-subscription, pro-rata, calls in arrears and calls in advance asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture and reissue of shares (at premium and at par) asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Minimum reissue price of a forfeited share asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Presentation of Share Capital in the Balance Sheet with Notes to Accounts asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Effect of forfeiture on categories of share capital asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture entry amounts with pro-rata allotment asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Sweat equity shares (concept) asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture and reissue of shares at maximum discount asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture and reissue of shares with Share Forfeiture Account asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares at premium with oversubscription, category pro-rata, forfeiture and reissue asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Face value of shares issued during the year asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue price of shares issued for cash asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Share Forfeiture Account balance on forfeiture asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Number of issued shares after forfeiture asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Securities premium and Capital Reserve after reissue asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Subscribed and fully paid capital after reissue asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Amount credited to Share Forfeiture Account on forfeiture asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Characteristics of a company - body corporate asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Maximum discount on reissue of forfeited shares asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Amount received on a call with calls in advance and calls in arrears asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares for consideration other than cash at a premium (vendor settlement) asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares at premium with over-subscription, pro-rata and forfeiture asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture and reissue of shares (at par and at premium) asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Nominal/authorised capital disclosure asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Subscribed and fully paid capital disclosure asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Share capital under Shareholders Funds disclosure asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Share Forfeiture Account disclosure asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Subscribed but not fully paid capital disclosure asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Amount received on application with over-subscription at premium asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Categories of share capital - paid up capital asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Minimum amount to be collected on reissue of forfeited shares asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Calls in arrears disclosure after forfeiture asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Number of shares outstanding after forfeiture asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Share Forfeiture Account balance disclosure asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Presentation of Share Forfeiture Account balance asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Subscribed and paid-up share capital disclosure asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Refund on over-subscription with pro-rata allotment at premium asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Reserve capital and categories of share capital asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Amount debited to Share Capital on forfeiture (called-up value) asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Private placement of shares (concept) asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Amount transferred to Capital Reserve on reissue of forfeited shares asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares with over-subscription and pro-rata allotment in categories asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares for consideration other than cash (treatment of excess/deficit) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture of shares - amount debited to Share Capital (called-up value) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Forfeiture of shares issued at premium - amount credited to Share Forfeiture Account asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Categories of share capital (issued capital) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Over-subscription and pro-rata allotment of shares at premium asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of shares at premium with over-subscription, pro-rata allotment and forfeiture asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Accounting for Debentures · Accounting for Companies
| Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash at a discount asked 3× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures at discount redeemable at premium and writing off loss on issue asked 2× | Board 2026Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash at a premium asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Interest on debentures for the year asked 2× | Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Goodwill or Capital Reserve on business purchase settled by debentures and cheque asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Writing off loss on issue of debentures against securities premium and P&L asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Balance in Statement of Profit and Loss after writing off loss on issue asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Premium on Redemption of Debentures and its classification asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures under various issue and redemption terms asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Rate of discount from loss on issue of debentures written off against securities premium asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures as collateral security and interest liability asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash with discount and premium on redemption asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures under various terms and as collateral security asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Loss on issue of debentures (discount plus premium on redemption) asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures as collateral security asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Premium on redemption from total loss on issue of debentures asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Types of debentures - registered debentures asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Types of debentures - irredeemable/perpetual debentures asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures at premium redeemable at premium and writing off loss on issue asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Number of debentures issued for consideration other than cash at a discount asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures at discount - amount credited to Debentures account (face value) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Features and nature of debentures asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures for consideration other than cash at a premium (vendor settlement) asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures at discount and writing off loss on issue of debentures asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Issue of debentures under various terms of issue and redemption asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Financial Statements of a Company · Analysis of Financial Statements
| Classification of items under heads/sub-heads in the company Balance Sheet asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026Sample 2025 | ★★★★★ |
| Change in inventories in Statement of Profit and Loss asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Disclosure of items in the financial statements of a company asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Classification of items under heads/sub-heads in the company Balance Sheet (Schedule III) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Analysis of Financial Statements - Tools · Analysis of Financial Statements
| Common Size Statement of Profit and Loss asked 3× | Board 2022Board 2025Sample 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Comparative Balance Sheet - missing values asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Horizontal analysis of financial statements asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Comparative Statement of Profit and Loss - missing values asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Comparative Statement of Profit and Loss asked 2× | Board 2022Board 2024 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Meaning of financial statement analysis asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Comparative Balance Sheet asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tools of financial statement analysis - comparative statements asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Users of financial statement analysis asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Common Size Balance Sheet asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Tools of financial statement analysis asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Accounting Ratios · Analysis of Financial Statements
| Effect of transactions on Quick Ratio asked 2× | Board 2024Sample 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Opening inventory from Inventory Turnover Ratio asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Relationship between Gross Profit Ratio and Net Profit Ratio asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Trade Receivables Turnover Ratio asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Effect of a transaction on Liquid Ratio and Current Ratio asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Effect of a non-operating income on net profit and operating profit ratios asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Gross Profit Ratio from cost of revenue from operations asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Rate of interest on debentures from EBIT and profit after tax asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Classification of ratios - liquidity ratios asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Transactions affecting Gross Profit Ratio asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Current ratio and debt to capital employed ratio asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Debt-Equity Ratio and Total Assets to Debt ratio asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of ratios - turnover/activity ratios asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Effect of transactions on Debt Equity Ratio asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Trade payables from trade payables turnover ratio asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Return on Investment ratio asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of ratios - solvency ratios asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Quick Ratio and Inventory Turnover Ratio asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cost of Revenue from Operations equation asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Proprietor's funds from proprietary ratio asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Ratio analysis - identification and advantages asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Gross Profit Ratio from inventory turnover and cost-plus data asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Effect of transactions on Current Ratio asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Cash Flow Statement · Cash Flow Statement
| Cash flow from operating activities (indirect method) asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Treatment of proposed and paid dividend in cash flow statement asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Provision for tax and tax paid in cash flow statement asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Operating activity for a finance company asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Operating profit before working capital changes and cash flow from financing activities asked 1× | Sample 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Adjustments to net profit in operating activities (indirect method) asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cash equivalents and classification of cash flow items asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Classification of cash flows into operating, investing and financing activities asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cash flow from operating activities and investing activities asked 1× | Sample 2025 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Cash equivalents in cash flow statement asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash outflows from operating activities asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of interest and dividend received asked 1× | Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of operating activities asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of cash flow activities asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Meaning and scope of investing activities asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash flow from investing activities asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash flow from financing activities asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash inflow from operating activities asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Non-cash transaction in cash flow statement asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of capital gains tax on sale of fixed assets asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of dividend paid (financial enterprise) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of interest received (non-financial enterprise) asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Classification of transactions under financing activities asked 1× | Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Objectives of preparing a Cash Flow Statement asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cash flow from investing and financing activities asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Importance = how often a topic was asked × how recent, with extra weight for the latest official sample paper.